Gaussmeters/Teslameters

Operate easily

Uncluttered touchscreen using icons, gestures, and navigation techniques familiar to any smartphone user

The TiltView™ display is comfortable to see and operate, providing an improved touchscreen experience

Take accurate measurements sooner with quality low?temperature coefficient electronics that eliminate warm-up times

Lightweight and durable handheld probes for quick and convenient measurements

Swap out probes fast and hassle-free with the new unified quick-release connector with built-in calibration data

 

Integrate conveniently

Rack-mountable, with the ability to place other similarly sized instruments next to the teslameter

Fixture-mountable probes with machined aluminum handles and alignment features for easy attachment

Both teslameters offer modern connectivity choices for seamless system integration, including:

 

Industry standard SCPI communication library available along with LabVIEW™, Python, and IVI drivers.

F71 Multi-axis teslameter

F41 Single-axis teslameter

Perfect for measuring magnetic fields in a wide variety of applications, the new Lake Shore Cryotronics F71 and F41 teslameters with FP Series probes offer a new level of precision, convenience, and dependability.

F71/F41 Features

• TruZero™ technology eliminates the need to re-zero probes
• Superior measurement performance for many scenarios
• TiltView™ touchscreen display for operating simplicity
• Highly configurable probes to suit your application
• Multiple software driver options to ease integration
• 3-year standard warranty

F71/F41 Specifications

Input overview

Inputs

	F41 single-axis	F71 multi-axis
Number of measurement inputs	1	3
Number of physical connectors	1
Connector type	26-pin mini D-sub
Supported probes/sensors	Single-axis probes and single-axis plug-and-play sensors	Single-axis probes and single-axis plug-and-play sensors, plus multi-axis probes
Probes/sensors NOT supported	400 Series gaussmeter probes, and 2Dex, InAs, and GaAs loose sensors

 

Ranges

	Autorange	35 mT (350 G)	350 mT (3.5 kG)	3.5 T (35 kG)	35 T (350 kG)
Standard	Yes	2 mA drive	2 mA drive	2 mA drive	0.2 mA drive
Cryogenic	Yes	No	0.2 mA drive	0.2 mA drive	0.2 mA drive

 

Software features

Available measurement readings

	Frequency range	Probe/sensor	DC component	AC RMS	AC peak values	Frequency
DC mode	DC only	Single-axis	Yes	—	—	—
		3-axis	Yes (X, Y, Z, magnitude)	—	—	—
AC mode	DC to 550 Hz*	Single-axis	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
		3-axis	Yes (X, Y, Z, magnitude)	Yes (X, Y, Z, magnitude)	Yes (X, Y, Z, magnitude)	Yes (largest amplitude signal)
High frequency mode	1.7 Hz to 75 kHz*	Single-axis	—	Yes	Yes	Yes
		3-axis	—	Yes (X, Y, Z, magnitude)	Yes (X, Y, Z, magnitude)	Yes (largest amplitude signal)

*Frequency range defined as -3 dB point. See frequency specification for detailed information of instrument roll-off.

Relative values

Values referenced by the relative value feature

	Single-axis probe/sensor	3-axis probe/sensor
DC mode	Field reading	Vector magnitude reading
AC mode	RMS reading	RMS of vector magnitude reading
High frequency mode	RMS reading	RMS of vector magnitude reading

Maximum hold

Values stored with the maximum hold feature

	Single-axis probe/sensor	3-axis probe/sensor
DC mode	Field reading	Vector magnitude reading
AC mode	RMS reading	RMS of vector magnitude reading
High frequency mode	RMS reading	RMS of vector magnitude reading

 

Maximum value		Closest value to +∞
Minimum value		Closest value to -∞
Max hold reset		Reset max and min values at the same time or separately

 

Performance specifications

All specifications have a minimum confidence interval of 95% with a test uncertainty ratio of 4:1.

Specifications are defined as 1 year after calibration with an instrument environment within ±5 °C of calibration.

Temperature coefficient of ±0.002% of rdg/°C beyond ±5 °C of instrument calibration temperature applies to all accuracy specifications.

Instruments are typically calibrated at an ambient temperature of 22 °C. The exact temperature can be found through the front panel of the instrument.

DC field measurement performance

System absolute measurement accuracy*

Accuracy of the reported field measurement.

	Individual axes (single-axis, X, Y, Z)	3-axis magnitude
35 T (350 kG) range	±0.2% of rdg	±0.40% of rdg
3.5 T (35 kG) range	±0.15% of rdg	±0.30% of rdg
350 mT (3.5 kG) range	±0.15% of rdg	±0.30% of rdg
35 mT (350 G) range	±0.15% of rdg	±0.30% of rdg
35 T (350 kG) cryogenic range	±0.2% of rdg	±0.40% of rdg
3.5 T (35 kG) cryogenic range	±0.2% of rdg	±0.40% of rdg
350 mT (3.5 kG) cryogenic range	±0.2% of rdg	±0.40% of rdg

 

System measurement noise

Typical RMS measurement noise at zero field (teslameter and probe both contribute to measured noise, a realistic representation of measurement performance).

	Averaging window
	10 ms	200 ms (default)	1 s	10 s
35 T (350 kG) range	300 µT (3 G)	70 µT (700 mG)	30 µT (300 mG)	10 µT (100 mG)
3.5 T (35 kG) range	6 µT (60 mG)	1.2 µT (12 mG)	0.6 µT (6 mG)	0.17 µT (1.7 mG)
350 mT (3.5 kG) range	0.7 µT (7 mG)	0.16 µT (1.6 mG)	0.07 µT (0.7 mG)	0.03 µT (0.3 mG)
35 mT (350 G) range	0.5 µT (5 mG)	0.12 µT (1.2 mG)	0.05 µT (0.5 mG)	0.02 µT (0.2 mG)
35 T (350 kG) cryogenic range	300 µT (3 G)	70 µT (700 mG)	0.05 µT (0.5 mG)	0.02 µT (0.2 mG)
3.5 T (35 kG) cryogenic range	38 µT (380 mG)	8.5 µT (85 mG)	3.8 µT (38 mG)	1.2 µT (12 mG)
350 mT (3.5 kG) cryogenic range	4.4 µT (44 mG)	1 µT (10 mG)	0.44 µT (4.4 mG)	0.14 µT (1.4 mG)

*Each probe calibrated to 2.5 T minimum. Sensors characterized to 18 T. Calibration data for each probe extrapolated to 35 T.

TruZero™ residual offset

Remaining detectable measurement offset (observed at zero field and expected to be present at higher fields as well)

	Individual axes (single-axis, X, Y, Z)	3-axis magnitude
Offset within ±5 °C of probe calibration temperature	±3.5 µT (±35 mG)	±7 µT (±70 mG)
Typical temperature coefficient beyond ±5 °C of probe calibration temperature	±0.3 µT/°C (±3 mG/°C)	±0.6 µT/°C (±6 mG/°C)

AC field measurement performance

AC mode bandwidth

AC mode cut-off frequency

550 Hz (-3 dB) 60 Hz (-0.2%)

Teslameter frequency response: AC mode

AC mode accuracy

Accuracy of the reported field measurement at frequencies within the flat response portion of the instrument frequency response curve.

	Individual axes (single-axis, X, Y, Z)	3-axis magnitude
RMS	±0.25% of reading ±0.05% of range	±0.5% of reading ±0.1% of range
Peak to peak	±0.55% of reading ±0.2% of range	Reading not present on instrument

 High frequency mode measurement performance

High frequency mode bandwidth

High frequency mode passband

1.7 Hz to 75 kHz (-3 dB point) 20 Hz to 7 kHz (-0.2%)

Teslameter frequency response: high frequency mode

High frequency mode accuracy

Accuracy of the reported field measurement at frequencies within the flat response portion of the instrument frequency response curve.

	Individual axes (single-axis, X, Y, Z)	3-axis magnitude
RMS	±0.5% of reading ±0.5% of range	±1% of reading ±1% of range
Peak to peak	±2% of reading ±2% of range	Reading not present on instrument

Frequency detection

Frequency detection counter accuracy

±1% of frequency ±1 Hz for a periodic wave faster than 1 Hz and RMS value greater than 1% of range

 

Temperature compensation

Temperature compensation of field

Sensor/probe temperature-dependent field measurement error — we have characterized the temperature dependence of sensitivity for our Hall sensors and apply a correction factor to compensate. The residual error listed below reflects the variability that exists from sensor to sensor.

	Temperature range
	-273 °C to 0 °C	0 °C to 35 °C	35 °C to 60 °C	60 °C to 90 °C
Compensation: on	±1.5%	±0.02%	±0.1%	±0.5%
Compensation: off	See temperature coefficient of sensitivity data for loose 2Dex sensors

 

Temperature compensation sources		Embedded probe sensor, manual entry (front panel), manual entry (external communication), none (compensation off)
Temperature compensation range		Probe dependent (see probe specifications for details)

Probe/sensor temperature measurement

Accuracy of temperature measurements when the teslameter is reading the embedded temperature sensor inside the Hall probe/sensor. Note that the temperature sensor is reading the temperature of the sensing element, which may be slightly warmer than ambient temperature.

Accuracy		±1 °C
Temperature coefficient		±0.05 °C/degree1

¹ This means that for every degree outside the 5 °C calibration temperature margin, the standard 1 °C accuracy value will increase by 0.05 °C.

 

Analog output

	Mode	Function	Channels/readings available (non-concurrent)
Raw modes	DC	Diagnostic only	X, Y, Z
	AC	Diagnostic only	X, Y, Z
	High frequency	Analog representation of waveform (pulse, etc.)	X, Y, Z
Corrected modes	DC	Analog representation of field values	X, Y, Z, vector magnitude
	AC	Analog representation of RMS field values	X, Y, Z, vector magnitude
	High frequency	Analog representation of RMS field values	X, Y, Z, vector magnitude

 

Limits		±12.5 V possible during overload
Raw signal source		Analog amplified Hall voltage
Raw signal accuracy		±1% of amplified Hall voltage value ±50 mV
Corrected output source		DAC generated voltage based on field reading
Corrected output range		±3.5 V = full range
Corrected output accuracy		±1% of front panel measurement
Corrected output update rate		2 kHz

 

Field control option card

Control types		Closed loop (PI) or open loop
Features		Setpoint, setpoint ramping
Full scale voltage output		±10 V
Control resolution		<0.1 µT (<1 mG)
Protections		Configurable maximum slew rate, configurable voltage limit
Open loop voltage accuracy		±1% of full scale

Digital I/O

Inputs

Number of independent inputs		2
Input isolation		Optical
Maximum low-level input voltage		1 V
Minimum high-level input voltage		4 V
Safe input voltage rage		-5 V to 35 V

Outputs

Number of relays		2
Relay type		Solid state
Digital output relay maximum current		2 A
Digital output relay maximum voltage		35 V

 

Environment

Instrument operating environment		23 °C ±5 °C and <70% relative humidity non-condensing at rated accuracy; -20 °C to 70 °C and <90% relative humidity non-condensing at reduced accuracy
Instrument max field exposure		10 mT (100 G) DC, 1 mT (10 G) RMS

 

Communication

Protocols

Each protocol is supported on all interfaces.

	Function
SCPI commands	Native communication method with instrument
Python driver	Simplifies connection and operation with Python
LabVIEW™ driver	Add teslameter to LabVIEW™-controlled systems
IVI.NET driver	Easier integration with test and measure instruments

USB host

	Type		USB 3.0, mass storage class (MSC) device
	Function		Firmware updates, flash drive support
	Location		Rear panel
	Connector		C-type USB connector

USB device

	Type		USB 2.0
	Function		Emulates a standard RS-232 serial port
	Protocol		Standard commands for programmable instruments (SCPI)
	Baud rate		115,200
	Connector		B-type USB connector
	Software support		LabVIEW™ (F71 or F41) and IVI.NET drivers

Ethernet

	Function		TCP/IP command and control, mobile app (in development)
	App layer protocol		Standard commands for programmable instruments (SCPI)
	Connector		RJ-45
	Speed		1 Gb/s
	Software support		LabVIEW™ (F71 or F41) and IVI.NET drivers

 

Display

Display update rate		5 rdg/s
Display		5 in capacitive touch, color 800 × 480 with LED backlight

 

General

Operating conditions		23 °C ±5 °C, <70% relative humidity non-condensing at rated accuracy; -20 °C to 70 °C, <90% relative humidity non-condensing at reduced accuracy
Power requirement		100 V to 240 V (universal input), 50 to 60 Hz, 30 VA
Size		217 mm W × 87 mm H × 317 mm D (8.5 in × 3.4 in × 14.5 in), half rack
Weight		3.2 kg (7 lb)
Approval		CE mark
Warm-up time		Ready on boot
Power consumption		35 W maximum

Model 475 DSP Gaussmeter

For the most demanding DC and AC applications

Lake?Shore combined the technical advantages of digital signal processing with over a decade of experience in precision magnetic field measurements to produce the first commercial digital signal processor (DSP) based Hall effect gaussmeter, the Model?475. DSP technology creates a solid foundation for accurate, stable, and repeatable field measurement while simultaneously enabling the gaussmeter to offer an unequaled set of useful measurement features. The Model?475 is intended for the most demanding DC and AC applications. In many cases, it provides the functionality of two or more instruments in a field measurement system.

 

The power of DSP technology is demonstrated in the superior performance of the Model?475 in DC, RMS, and Peak measurement modes.

 

Advanced features

The Model?475 combines hardware and firmware elements to create advanced features that facilitate automation and materials analysis.

 

Field control

A built-in PI control algorithm turns the Model?475 into an essential building block for magnetic field control in electromagnet systems. It, along with a voltage-programmable magnet power supply, is all that is needed to control stable magnetic fields in an electromagnet at the user-specified setpoint. One of the built-in analog voltage outputs drives the program input of the power supply for either bipolar or unipolar operation.

 

High-speed data transfer

The IEEE-488 interface can be set to send readings in binary format rather than the more common ASCII format. This reduces interface overhead, enabling real-time reading rates up to 100 new readings per second. Temperature compensation is not available at the highest interface rate.

 

Data buffer

Internal memory provides storage for 1,024 field readings in a data buffer. The buffer can be filled at high speed, up to 1,000 readings per second, which is as much as ten times faster than the computer interface. Stored readings can then be retrieved over interface at slower speed and processed offline. A trigger input can be used to initiate the data log sequence. Slower sample rates can be programmed if desired.

 

Trigger in and trigger out

A TTL-level hardware trigger into the instrument can be used to initiate the data log sequence. A TTL-level hardware trigger out indicates when the instrument completes a reading, and can be used to synchronize other instruments in the system. An IEEE-488 software-based trigger can be used like the hardware trigger in.

 

Model 475 Features

• Full-scale ranges from 35 mG to 350 kG
• DC measurement resolution to 0.02 mG
• Basic DC accuracy of ±0.05%
• DC to 50 kHz frequency range (probe-dependent)
• 15 band-pass and 3 low-pass AC filters
• Peak capture to 20 µs pulse widths
• Data buffer sampling rates to 1000 readings per s
• Computer interface sampling rates to 100 new readings per s
• Integrated electromagnet field control algorithm
• Specialized and custom probes available
• CE mark certification

 

Model 475 Specifications

General measurement

(Does not include probe error, unless otherwise specified)

Input type: Single Hall effect sensor

Probe features: Linearity Compensation, Temperature Compensation, Auto Probe Zero, and Hot Swap

Measurement features: Autorange, Max/Min Hold, Relative Mode, and Frequency

Connector: 15-pin D style

DC measurement

Probe type ranges	5¾-digit resolution	4¾-digit resolution	3¾-digit resolution
HST probe
350 kG	000.001 kG	000.01 kG	000.1 kG
35 kG	00.0001 kG	00.001 kG	00.01 kG
3.5 kG	0.00001 kG	0.0001 kG	0.001 kG
350 G	000.003 G	000.02 G	000.1 G
35 G	00.0030 G	00.015 G	00.04 G
HSE probe
35 kG	00.0001 kG	00.001 kG	00.01 kG
3.5 kG	0.00001 kG	0.0001 kG	0.001 kG
350 G	000.001 G	000.01 G	000.1 G
35 G	00.0003 G	00.002 G	00.01 G
3.5 G	0.00030 G	0.0015 G	0.004 G
UHS probe (discontinued)
35 G	00.0001 G	00.001 G	00.01 G
3.5 G	0.00001 G	0.0001 G	0.001 G
350 mG	000.003 mG	000.02 mG	000.1 mG
35 mG	00.0030 mG	00.015 mG	00.04 mG

 

Measurement resolution (RMS noise floor): Indicated by value in above table for shorted input (probe effects not included); value measured as peak-to-peak divided by 6.6

Display resolution: Indicated by number of digits in above table

	5¾-digit resolution	4¾-digit resolution	3¾-digit resolution
3 dB bandwidth:	1 Hz	10 Hz	100 Hz
Time constant:	1 s	0.1 s	0.01 s
Maximum reading rate:	10 rdg/s	30 rdg/s	100 to 1000 rdg/s*

*Limited feature set, interface dependent

DC accuracy: ±0.05% of reading ±0.005% of range

DC temperature coefficient: ±0.01% of reading ±0.003% of range per °C

AC RMS measurement

Probe type ranges	4¾-digit resolution
HST probe
350 kG	000.01 kG
35 kG	00.001 kG
3.5 kG	0.0002 kG
350 G	000.02 G
35 G	00.020 G
HSE probe
35 kG	00.001 kG
3.5 kG	0.0001 kG
350 G	000.02 G
35 G	00.002 G
3.5 G	0.0020 G
UHS probe (discontinued)
35 G	00.001 G
3.5 G	0.0002 G
350 mG	000.02 mG
35 mG	00.020 mG

 

Measurement resolution (RMS noise floor): Indicated by value in above table for shorted input

Display resolution: Indicated by number of digits in above table

Max reading rate: 30 rdg/s (100 to 1000 rdg/s; limited feature set, interface dependent)

AC accuracy: ±1% of reading =1% of full scale range

AC frequency range: 1 Hz to 1 kHz, narrow band mode, 50 Hz to 20 kHz, wide band mode

AC band limiting (filters): 18 user selected frequencies of 3 low-pass or 15 band-pass

Peak measurement

Probe type ranges	4¾-digit resolution
HST probe
350 kG	000.01 kG
35 kG	00.001 kG
3.5 kG	0.0002 kG
350 G	000.02 G
35 G	00.020 G
HSE probe
35 kG	00.001 kG
3.5 kG	0.0001 kG
350 G	000.02 G
35 G	00.002 G
3.5 G	0.0020 G
UHS probe (discontinued)
35 G	00.001 G
3.5 G	0.0002 G
350 mG	000.02 mG
35 mG	00.020 mG

 

Measurement resolution (RMS noise floor): Indicated by value in above table for periodic mode and shorted input

Display resolution: Indicated by number of digits in above table

Max reading rate (periodic mode): 30 rdg/s (100 to 1000 rdg/s; limited feature set, interface dependent)

Peak accuracy (5 Hz to 20 kHz): ±2% of reading =1% of full scale range (20 µs or longer pulse width)

Peak accuracy (20 kHz to 50 kHz): ±5% of reading =1% of full scale range (20 µs or longer pulse width)

Peak frequency range (periodic mode): 50 Hz to 5 kHz

Peak frequency range (pulse mode): 5 Hz to 50 kHz

Temperature measurement

Temperature range: Probe dependent (typically 0 °C to 75 °C)

Measurement resolution: 0.01 °C

Electronic accuracy: ±0.7 °C

Front panel

Display type: 2 line × 20 character, vacuum fluorescent with 9 mm high characters

Display resolution: To ±5¾ digits

Display update rate: 5 rdg/s

Display units: Gauss (G), Tesla (T), Oersted (Oe), and Ampere per meter (A/m)

Units multipliers: µ, m, k, M

Display annunciators:

DC — DC measurement mode
RMS — AC RMS measurement mode
PK — Peak measurement mode
MX — Max Hold value
MN — Min Hold value
SP — Relative setpoint value
CSP — Field Control setpoint value

LED annunciators:

Relative — Relative reading mode
Alarm — Alarm active
Remote — Remote IEEE-488 operation

Keypad: 22 full travel keys

Front panel features: Display prompts, front panel lockout, and brightness control

Interfaces

RS-232C

Baud: 9600, 19200, 38400, and 57600
Update rate: 30 rdg/s (ASCII)
Software support:LabVIEW™ driver
Connector: 9-pin D-style, DTE configuration

IEEE-488.2

Capabilities: SH1, AH1, T5, L4, SR1, RL1, PP0, DC1, DT1, C0, and E1
Update rate: >30 rdg/s (ASCII), to 100 rdg/s (binary, no temperature compensation)
Software support: LabVIEW™ driver

Data buffer

Capacity: 1024 field readings
Reading rate: 1 to 1000 rdg/s
Data transfer: Through computer interface after data is logged
Trigger: Hardware trigger to begin data log sequence

Alarm

Settings: High/Low setpoint, Inside/Outside, Audible, and Sort
Actuators: LED annunciator, beeper, and relays

Relays

Number: 2
Contacts: Normally open (NO), normally closed (NC), and common (C)
Contact rating: 30 VDC at 2 A
Operation: Follows alarm or operated manually
Connector: In 25-pin I/O connector

Voltage output 1

Configuration: Real-time analog voltage output of wide band AC signal
Range: ±3.5 V
Scale: ±3.5 V = ±FS on selected range
Frequency response: 1 Hz to 40 kHz (wide band AC)
Accuracy: Probe dependent
Noise: ±1.0 mV
Minimum load resistance: 1 kΩ (short-circuit protected)
Connector: In 25-pin I/O connector

Voltage output 2

Configuration: Voltage output of field value, generated by DAC
Range: ±5 V
Scale: ±3.5 V = ±FS on selected range
Resolution: 16-bit, 0.15 mV
Update rate: 40,000 updates/s
Accuracy: ±10 mV
Noise: ±0.3 mV
Minimum load resistance: 1 kΩ (short-circuit protected)
Connector: In 25-pin I/O connector

Voltage output 3

Configuration: Voltage output of compensated DC or RMS field value, generated by DAC (also used for field control)
Range: ±10 V
Scale: User specified (defaults same as voltage output 2)
Resolution: 16-bit, 0.3 mV
Update rate: 30 updates/s
Accuracy: ±2.5 mV
Noise: ±0.3 mV
Minimum load resistance: 1 kΩ (short-circuit protected)
Connector: In 25-pin I/O connector

General

Ambient temperature: 15 °C to 35 °C at rated accuracy, 5 °C to 40 °C with reduced accuracy
Power requirement: 100, 120, 220, and 240 VAC (+6%, -10%), 50 Hz or 60 Hz, 20 VA
Size: 216 mm W × 89 mm H × 318 mm D (8.5 in × 3.5 in × 12.5 in), half rack
Weight: 3 kg (6.6 lb)
Approval: CE mark, RoHS

Probes and extensions

Probe compatibility: Full line of standard probes available — custom probes also available (not compatible with Model 450/421 probes) — More information on probe compatibility
Hall sensor compatibility: Front panel programmable sensitivity and serial number for user supplied Hall sensor — More information on Hall sensor compatibility
Extension cable compatibility: Calibrated or uncalibrated probe extension cables with an EEPROM are available from 10 ft to 100 ft — More information on Extension cable compatibility

Lake Shore calibrated extension cables maintain the same accuracy as the Model 475 probe.

The uncalibrated version involves the operator leading the matching probe data file into the cable PROM directly from the Model 475 front panel. Additional errors caused by the uncalibrated extension cables are ±0.2% of field reading error and 1 ºC temperature reading error.