Biomimetic graphitic carbon nitride nanoparticles for multiscale photomodulation and therapeutic intervention
Most organic matter on Earth originates from the conversion of solar energy through photosynthesis in chloroplasts. Here, drawing inspiration from photosynthesis, we develop hollow-sphere graphitic carbon nitride nanoparticles (hg-C3N4 NPs) that can modulate biological activity from subcellular processes to whole‑tissue function. The homogeneous hg-C3N4 NPs show responsiveness to light via both photoelectrochemical and photothermal mechanisms and can be spontaneously internalized with excellent cytocompatibility. Using a focusing laser, the hg-C3N4 NPs enable intracellular optical stimulation with subcellular resolution, inducing calcium-transient release in multiple cells and propagation in primary cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. At the multicellular scale, optical pacing and synchronization of cardiomyocyte beating is readily achieved by light-emitting diodes. Further, we demonstrate that hg-C3N4 nanoparticles can be safely delivered and elicit measurable cortical and behavioural light responses in a model of advanced retinal degeneration. The application of hg-C3N4 NPs to porcine retinal tissue ex vivo confirms their modulation capability to directly activate retinal ganglion cell activity under light-emitting diode photostimulation. Taken together, hg-C3N4 NPs represent a versatile tool to address complex biomedical challenges through subcellular, intercellular and tissue-level photo-modulation.
Physicists crack the math connecting ultraslow quantum magnetism to ultrafast black-hole physics
A team led by University at Buffalo physicists has found a mathematical solution that shows how a frustrated quantum magnet can transition from ultraslow behavior to ultrafast, highly entangled behavior resembling that of a black hole.
Physicists discover a hidden “curveball” in quantum light
Researchers have experimentally demonstrated the optical Magnus effect for the first time, revealing that a tightly focused laser interacts most strongly with an atom slightly away from the beam’s center. The unexpected shift is similar to the physics that makes a spinning table tennis ball curve through the air. Because lasers are used to control qubits, the effect could create errors in quantum computers, but it might also provide a new way to couple qubits together.
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